My work finds that hidden within Nature there is a causeology where there are entities whose existence is caused and other entities whose existence is permitted. The caused entities can be confirmed and witnessed; but the permitted entities can be neither confirmed nor denied.
What is interesting is that in contrast to the causative processes in classical physics where cause ascends through chains: cause, effect…cause, effect…cause, effect…; there are quantum entities that derive, not from caused entities up the chain, but permitted entities that are not caused. To illustrate; in a wave/particle duality, all the various wavelengths that make up a wavepacket are caused entities; but the interfering sums of these waves are permitted. From these permitted interferences derive caused probabilities. So the interferences constitute a break in the causal chain. This claim is born out in the mathematics using Model Theory.
In the mathematics, this causal regime has its origin in the way numbers add and multiply. The rules for this adding and multiplying are the Field Axioms. Some numbers are caused by these axioms: the rational numbers exist as theorems; other numbers with imaginary components, are permitted. Juxtaposed against this axiomatic system, are products between orthogonal vectors which force the existence of imaginary numbers which are merely permitted. The orthogonal vectors are objects that, when multiplied with themselves give one, and, when multiplied with each other give zero
The full causeology is 3-valued: cause, deny, permit. These go hand in hand with a 3-valued logic of true, false and indeterminate. This 3-valued logic was anticipated by Hans Reichenbach. His 1944 book details the effects of this logic. It does indeed resolve the paradoxes in quantum physics. What Reichenbach had no idea of was where his logic came from…so it has been generally put to one side; now it has foundation.
